یکی از جنبه هایی که به اقتصاد سبز می انجامد و یا به تعبیری به ارتقائ آن کمک می کند اکوتوریسم یا طبیعت گردی است. در روزهای 22 و 23 اردیبهشت سال جاری مصادف با 11 و 12 می که روزهای آخر هفته یعنی شنبه و یکشنبه می باشد که مصادف با روز جهانی پرندگان مهاجر است، تاکید ویژه ای بر پرنده نگاری پرندگان مهاجر شده است. برای دریافت فایل مربوطه اینجا را کلیک کنید.
پروژه جدیدی به نام "تنوع زیستی برای خوراک و تغذیه" با هدایت موسسه تنوع زیستی بین الملل در 4 کشور کنیا، برزیل، سریلانکا و ترکیه با مشارکت مالی تسهیلات محیط زیست جهانی و یونپ و فائو راه اندازی شد. در این پروژه 35میلیون دلاری محققین به دنبال بررسی نقش تنوع زیستی در تامین خوراک و مواد غذایی میلیاردها انسان در کره زمین می باشند.
28 April 2012: A new project has been launched to address the narrowing variety of foods in people’s diets, titled the “Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Project.” The project is coordinated by Bioversity International, under the leadership of Brazil, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Turkey. The project is co-financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), as well as by international agencies, with implementation support from the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Food and Agricultural Organization of the UN (FAO).
تا کنون برای تغییر اقلیم، انواع و اقسام گزارش و کارگاه را داشتیم که در حد بضاعت و حوصله بخش کوچکی را از این طریق اطلاع رسانی نمودم اما این بار کنوانسیون تنوع زیستی هم خواسته عقب نماند با همکاری سازمان بهداشت جهانی کارگاهی در مورد ارتباط تنوع زیستی و سلامت انسان ها برگزار می کند.
WHO and CBD Hold Workshop on Interlinkages between Human Health and Biodiversity
April 2012: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Secretariat for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) recently convened a workshop on the interlinkages between human health and biodiversity.
Participants included representatives from multiple WHO departments and regional offices, the CBD, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), and members of the scientific community.
بر پایه نتایج مطالعه ای که اخیراً منتشر شده است اثرات تغییر اقلیم و بیابانزایی بر مناطق خشک را می توان با حفظ تنوع زیستی تعدیل نمود. مناطق خشک 40 درصد خشکی های جهان و زیستگاه یک پنجم تنوع گیاهی و یک سوم پرندگان اندمیک می باشد.
Fernando Maestre بوم شناسی از دانشگاه پادشاه خوان کارلوس اسپانیا 14 کارکرد تنوع زیستی را در 200 منطقه خشک 16 کشور بررسی نمود و نتایج مطالعه خود که حاکی از تاثیر مثبت تنوع زیستی بر حفظ مناطق خشک است را منتشر نمود.
16 January 2012 | EN
The impacts of climate change and desertification on drylands could be reduced by preserving biodiversity, one of the first studies to look at dryland biodiversity and ecosystems has found.
This, in turn, would help protect the livelihoods of more than a third of the global population.
Drylands occupy more than 40 per cent of the global land surface. They host around a fifth of the major centres of global plant diversity and more than a third of endemic bird areas — home to birds that live in geographically restricted areas.
"Biodiversity has an important effect on the quality and quantity of the ecosystem services provided by drylands," Fernando Maestre, an ecologist at the King Juan Carlos University, Spain, and lead author of the study — published in Science last week (13 January) — told SciDev.Net.
These crucial services include carbon storage and the build-up of nutrient pools, all of which are crucial to prevent negative impacts of climate change and desertification.
Researchers looked at 14 of these functions in more than 200 dryland ecosystems in 16 countries.
They found that the richness of biodiversity had a larger influence on the ability of dryland ecosystems to maintain these functions, than factors such annual rainfall levels or microbes in the soil.
Maestre said the findings seemed particularly relevant for ecosystem functions linked to carbon and nitrogen cycling.
"Because land degradation is often accompanied by the loss of soil fertility, plant species richness may also promote ecosystem resistance to desertification," he said.
John Lemons, professor emeritus of biology and environmental studies at the University of New England, United States, told SciDev.Net that the study was the first to determine the relationship between dryland biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions.
More than a third of the global population lives in drylands so the preservation of their biodiversity is crucial for their livelihoods, added Maestre.
"This kind of study would be of enormous assistance to countries trying to implement biodiversity plans under the UN Convention on Biodiversity," said Lemons.
Writing in an accompanying perspective, also published in Science, Guy Midgley, of the South African National Biodiversity Institute and University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, said that the study had taken an important step towards understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function.
The study "has global relevance, and is especially valuable for many developing and least-developed countries facing desertification trends," he said.
روز بیستم ژانویه آقای بان کی مون آقای Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias را به سمت دبیراجرایی کنوانسیون تنوع زیستی منصوب نمود. وی برزیلی است و دارای سال ها تجربه در زمینه برنامه های تنوع زیستی و مذاکرات بین المللی می باشد. قبل از وی آقای Ahmed Djoghlaf مسئولیت این سمت را بر عهده داشت.
BAN APPOINTS BRAZILIAN ENVIRONMENT OFFICIAL AS UN BIODIVERSITY CHIEF
New York, Jan 20 2012 4:05PM
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has <"http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sga1320.doc.htm">appointed Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias, a national of Brazil, as Executive Secretary of the Secretariat of the United Nations <"http://www.cbd.int/">Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Mr. Dias, who is currently the National Secretary for Biodiversity and Forests at the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment, was chosen for his extensive experience in policy-making and in coordinating the implementation of biodiversity policies, programmes and projects at a national and international level.
He has also been directly responsible for overseeing several multi-institution programmes and has been deeply involved with the negotiations and implementation of the Convention since its origin and participated, as a member of the Brazilian delegation, in the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
In announcing his appointment, Mr. Ban thanked Mr. Dias’ predecessor Ahmed Djoghlaf for his continued commitment and contribution to the CBD in his capacity as Executive Secretary.
یکی از موضوعات روزی که مطرح می باشد پرداخت عوارض برای استفاده از خدمات اکوسیستم است که اصطلاحاً (PES) نامیده می شود که بهره بردار خدمات بابت استفاده از خدمت تولیدی توسط فرد یا گروهی باید هزینه پرداخت نمایند. این بار در میان قبایل ماسایی کنیا این مکانیزم اجرایی شده و دامداران در قبال حفظ تنوع زیستی مبلغی پول دریافت می نمایند.
Posted by Paul Karaimu under Agriculture, Biodiversity, CRP5, Environment, Kenya, Livestock, NRM, PA, Pastoralism, PLE, Wildlife
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Maasai pastoral herders signing up to the Naboisho Conservancy in Mara area in 2010. Ecosystem conservation schemes are giving herders new sources of income (photo credit: ILRI/Bedelian).
Biodiversity conservation among pastoral communities is increasingly researched as an area that could hold the key to helping pastoralists deal with the challenges of climate change and land use policy changes by allowing them to diversify their incomes. In Kenya the use of payments for ecosystem services, mostly around the country’s reserves and parks—where people live close to wildlife—is providing a stable, reliable and predicable source of income to pastoralists with the double advantage of reducing poverty and protecting wildlife.
In many sites where payments for ecosystem services have be piloted successfully, local-level institutions have played a significant role in enabling communities to self-govern and are supported by flexible land-use and governance systems that respect the communal land ownership patterns that have traditionally existed in these areas.
Payments to livestock herders for the ecosystem services generated through their land uses are currently being made in lands adjacent to Kenya’s famous Masai Mara National Reserve, in the southwest of the country, and in the Kitengela wildlife dispersal area to the south of Nairobi National Park. In both areas, Maasai people have formed ‘eco-conservancies’ to protect their grazing areas for livestock and wildlife alike.
‘Findings from on-going research show that in 2009 in the Kitengela area, ecosystems payment schemes were providing a large amount of income that constituted 59 per cent of the total off-farm earnings among participating households, even though livestock keeping is still the largest and most important source of income for these pastoralists,’ said Philip Osano a student at McGill University who is affiliated to the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and is evaluating the effects of payments for ecosystems services on poverty reduction among pastoral communities in Kenyan rangelands.
‘Even though income from conservation payments is proving a valuable buffer against shocks such as tourism unpredictability and drought, creation of ‘eco-conservancies’ has displaced people and introduced new restrictions to grazing, natural resource collection and movement, increasing pressure on land in areas that border the eco-conservancies,’ says Claire Bedelian, a University College London researcher at ILRI who is accessing the impact of conservancy land leases on Maasai pastoralists in areas adjacent to the Masai Mara National Reserve
Scientists at ILRI, headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, are investigating these hard trade offs to ensure that the benefits of such interventions are more equitable among members of the pastoral communities inhabiting these wildlife-rich areas.
برآورد ارزش تنوع زیستی از مهم ترین اموری است که در بسیاری از نقاط جهان مغفول مانده و هنوز هم کارشناسان محیط زیست دست به دامن اقتصاد دان ها هستند تا آن ها برایشان این محاسبات را انجام دهند.
در گزارشی که توسط اتحادیه جهانی حفظ طبیعت در مورد ارزش تنوع زیستی منتشر شده به منافع تنوع زستی و مقایسه آن با ارزش بخش معدن اشاره شده است. گزارش فوق در 49 صفحه و شش فصل تهیه شده است.
Exploring ecosystem valuation to move towards net positive impact on biodiversity in the mining sectorThis study examines the costs of conservation and the value of benefits associated with biodiversity around the QIT Madagascar Minerals (QMM) project area, with a focus on the Tsitongambarika (TGK) forest complex. The aim is to quantify and value changes in ecosystem services resulting from interventions that deviate from 'business as usual' in TGK, i.e. projected continued deforestation and ecosystem degradation, in favour of some form of forest conservation. > Download PDF |
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بان کی مون به منظور کنترل و کند کردن روند تخریب اکوسیستم ها و از بین رفتن گونه ها دهه ای را به عنوان دهه تنوع زیستی نامید. البته این در حالی است که مجمع عمومی دهه 2020 - 2011 را به منظور اجرای برنامه استراتژیک تنوع زیستی، دهه تنوع زیستی نامیده بود و هدفش هم همزیستی با طبیعت بود.
اسم روی اسم و شعار روی شعار- این ها هم مثل ما هستند که هفته ها و روزها با هم تلاقی می کنند.
UN LAUNCHES DECADE ON BIODIVERSITY TO STEM LOSS OF SPECIES AND ECOSYSTEMS
New York, Dec 17 2011 11:05AM
The United Nations today launched the Decade on Biodiversity with Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urging humanity to live in harmony with nature and to preserve and properly manage its riches for the prosperity of current and future generations.
"Ensuring truly sustainable development for our growing human family depends on biological diversity and the vital goods and services it offers," Ban said in his message to the launch event delivered on his behalf by Kiyo Akasaka, Under-Secretary-General for Communications and Public Information, in the Japanese city of Kanazawa.
"While the poor suffer first and worst from biodiversity loss, all of society stands to lose from this mass extinction. There are also the opportunity costs what cures for disease, and what other useful discoveries, might we never know of because a habitat is destroyed forever, or land is polluted beyond all use?"
The General Assembly previously declared the period 2011-2020 as United Nations Decade on Biodiversity to promote the implementation of a strategic plan on biodiversity and its overall vision of living in harmony with nature.
The main goal is to mainstream biodiversity at different levels. Throughout the Decade, governments are encouraged to develop, implement and communicate the results of national strategies for implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.
In his own statement at the launch of the Decade, Mr. Akasaka stressed that stable ecosystems have the capacity to create jobs.
"Sustaining them sustains job growth," he said. "With the world undergoing a youth bulge, sustainable use of biodiversity is not an isolated 'ecological' green approach, but an indispensable pillar of sustainable development for future generations," said Mr. Akasaka.
Human activities have caused the extinction of plants and animals at some hundreds or thousands of times faster than what the
natural rate would have been, Mr. Akasaka pointed out.
"We cannot reverse extinction. We can, however, prevent future extinction of other species right now. For the next 10 years our commitment to protecting more than eight million species, and our wisdom in contributing to a balance of life, will be put to a test," he said.
موسسه جنگل اروپا به تازگی با همکاری دانشگاه آلترا / واخنینگن هلند یک سری نقشه 1 کیلومتر در 1 کیلومتر از نحوه توزیع 20 گونه درختی در سراسر اروپا منتشر کرده است. این نقشه از مجموع داده ها و اطلاعات 260000 کوادرات انوانتری جنگل در 17 کشور بدست آمده است. می توانید از طریق آدرس ذیل و پس از عضویت که زمان اندکی می برد نسبت به دریافت فایل آن اقدام نمائید.
European Forest Institute (EFI) in cooperation with Alterra / Wageningen University has released a set of 1x1 km tree species maps showing the distribution of 20 tree species over Europe. Basic dendrometric data were kindly received for 260,000 national forest inventory plot locations from 17 countries to compile these maps. Forest plot data collected in a European-wide network (ICP Level I) have been used to extend the available data for the remaining European countries. Furthermore, forest inventory statistics have been applied. Never before, such harmonized maps were available at the European scale, at this level of detail. These maps will be important for future resource analyses, and e.g. carbon analysis.
More details on the mapping method are provided in a scientific article by Brus et al. 2011 ‘Statistical mapping of tree species over Europe’, European Journal of Forest Research Vol. 131 (1): 145–157.
For full acknowledgements, and references see also www.efi.int/portal/virtual_library/information_services/mapping_services/tree_species_maps_for_european_forests/.
The GIS data are available for download from EFI website after short registration (www.efi.int/projects/tree-species-map/register.php)
Photo: Aggregated results showing the dominant species at 1x1km
Best regards,
Gert-Jan Nabuurs
Assistant Director
European Forest Institute
Joensuu, Barcelona, Bordeaux, Copenhagen, Freiburg, Nancy, Vienna.
+ 358 50 5596765
برای شرکت در همایشی بین المللی با عنوان ... زیستی و ...... به سایت آن مراجعه و مشاهده کردم که مقالات باید در قالب فایلی دو صفحه ای تهیه و از طریق سایت ارسال شود همین کار را در فرجه معمول انجام دادم و تائیدیه ای از طریق سایت برایم ارسال شد. بعد از یک هفته دبیرخانه سایت از طریق ایمیل با من تماس گرفت و خواست که به دلیل مشکل پیش آمده در سایت همایش "لطفا مقاله خود را مجددا ارسال نمائید".
این کار مجددا انجام شد با فرایندی که هم فایل ورد می خواستند و هم پی دی اف. القصه بعد از مدتی و انقضا تاریخ ارسال مقالات، نوبت به زمان اعلام داوری ها رسید. ایمیلی دریافت کردم که بیانگر پذیرفته شدن مقاله ام بود. خوب الحمدالله که وقت صرف شده جهت تهیه مقاله به زبان انگلیسی و دو بار ارسال آن بی ثمر نماند.
دو روز بعد از دریافت ایمیل از دبیرخانه همایش بین المللی با بنده تماس تلفنی داشتند مبنی بر این که اگر چه مقاله پذیرفته شده است ولی باید مقداری اصلاحات انجام شود از خانم پشت خط سوال کردم چه اصلاحاتی باید انجام شود فرمودند که نمی دانم و من را به سایت و ایمیل ارجاع داد و فقط تاکید می کرد بر ارسال مقاله اصلاح شده تا پایان هفته.
بعد از ظهر به ایمیل خودم و بعد به سایت همایش مراجعه کردم ولی چیزی ندیدم لذا
دبیر اجرایی کنوانسیون گونه های در معرض خطر از کشورها و سازمان های بین المللی برای تشدید فعالیت هایشان برای مبارزه با قاچاق و تجارت غیرقانونی شاخ کرگدن درخواست نمود.
HEAD OF UN-BACKED CONVENTION URGES GREATER EFFORT TO COMBAT ILLEGAL RHINO TRADE
New York, Nov 10 2011 7:05PM
The head of the United Nations-backed convention on endangered species called today for the stepping up of efforts by countries and international organizations to combat the illegal trade in rhino horn, after a leading conservation group declared Africa’s Western Black Rhinoceros officially extinct.
“We’re extremely worried about today’s news,” said John Scanlon, Secretary-General of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (<"http://www.cites.org/index.php">CITES). “To hear about the extinction of the subspecies from West Africa is of grave concern. We have grave concern for the rhino more generally,” he told UN Television in an interview.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), declared the subspecies officially extinct today, and warned that others are also on the brink of extinction as a result of widespread poaching.
در تصویر ذیل رابطه بین کنوانسیون هایی که بیست سال پیش در اجلاس ریو شکل گرفتند ترسیم شده است یعنی تنوع زیستی، تغییر اقلیم و بیابان زدایی. چندی بعد جشن بیست سالگی اجلاس سران زمین Earth Summit مجددا در همان ریو دو ژانیرو گرفته می شود که به Rio + 20هم معروف می باشد.
به راستی غیر از چندین و چند جلسه برگزار شدن و خواندن این کنوانسیون ها به نام کنوانسیون های خواهر اتفاق خاصی افتاده است؟ آیا این کنوانسیون ها از اعتبار هم سنگی برخوردار می باشند؟
پروتوکل ناگویا که به منظور دسترسی به منابع ژنتیکی و تسهیم منصفانه و تشریک منافع حاصل از بهره مندی از حفظ تنوع زیستی مطرح شده بود و اکتبر سال گذشته در شهر ناگویا به تصویب رسید الان تعداد کشورهای امضا کننده اش به 55 رسید.
نمایندگان کشورهای ذیل امروز در نیویورک این پروتوکل را امضا کردند:
صربستان، بلژیک، بوتان، بورکینافاسو، جمهوری دومینیکن، فرانسه، یونان، پالائو، لهستان، پرتقال، کره جنوبی، رومانی و تاجیکستان.
بر اساس عرف سازمان ملل این پروتوکل نیز 90 روز بعد از رسیدن تعداد امضا کنندگان به 50 کشور اجرایی خواهد شد.
Last year the General Assembly declared that 2011 to 2020 will be the UN Decade on Biodiversity and Mr. Djoghlaf and Ms. Barbut discussed how the UN system will try to use the Decade to build on earlier progress on biodiversity.